Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Model
First of all, it's pronounced VINE-burg. Anyway...
Godfrey Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg were population geneticists. They studied evolution within populations. They concluded that evolution will occur unless a population meets all of the following standards.
1. Mutation is not occurring.
2. Natural selection is not occurring.
3. The population is large.
4. All members of the population breed.
5. All mating is totally random.
6. Everyone produces the same number of offspring.
7. There is no migration in or out of the population.
They also made this formula to predict the probability of certain genotype frequencies within a population.
p^2+2pq+q^2=1
Now your first thought might be, "Oh my Godfrey!" (Hardy har har). But, before you start Wein-ing about it, let's break the equation down.
p is the frequency of dominant genes for a certain trait in the population.
q is the number of recessive genes for the trait in the population
So, if there are five organisms with the following genotypes: AA, Aa, aa, aa, and aa, then p=0.3 and q=0.7.
You can graph the equation in a model like this.
Godfrey Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg were population geneticists. They studied evolution within populations. They concluded that evolution will occur unless a population meets all of the following standards.
1. Mutation is not occurring.
2. Natural selection is not occurring.
3. The population is large.
4. All members of the population breed.
5. All mating is totally random.
6. Everyone produces the same number of offspring.
7. There is no migration in or out of the population.
They also made this formula to predict the probability of certain genotype frequencies within a population.
p^2+2pq+q^2=1
Now your first thought might be, "Oh my Godfrey!" (Hardy har har). But, before you start Wein-ing about it, let's break the equation down.
p is the frequency of dominant genes for a certain trait in the population.
q is the number of recessive genes for the trait in the population
So, if there are five organisms with the following genotypes: AA, Aa, aa, aa, and aa, then p=0.3 and q=0.7.
You can graph the equation in a model like this.